Recipe · European · v1.16

S1-C1: Lean wheat baseline (direct dough)

S1-C1 learning control: lean wheat bread made from flour, water, salt, and fresh yeast, without tangzhong, milk, butter, sugar, or sourdough.

7 h 10 min Prep time
25 min Bake time
8 h 35 min Total time
1 hearth loaf (~580–620 g) Yield
S1-C1: Lean wheat baseline (direct dough)
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Recipe

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For baking now: the final working formula, ingredients, steps, and baking worksheet.

Baking worksheet

Course code S1-C1 — entry control for the lean artisan wheat track
Lesson theory direct dough, baker's percentages, dough temperature, bulk fermentation, final proof, and basic flavor diagnosis without a preferment
Process theory in a direct dough every process starts at once: hydration, gluten, yeast, enzymes, gas, and the future crust; that is why S1-C1 is needed as a clean control line
Formula 400 g flour, 260 g water, 8 g salt, 3 g fresh yeast; dough about 671 g
Repeat conclusion S1-C1 #2 confirmed the working technology of the baseline direct dough but did not improve flavor compared to the first version
Control schedule mix, rest, bulk fermentation, shape, final proof, bake, and cool should all be tied to dough state, not the clock alone
Temperature control target dough temperature after mixing 24–25 °C, upper limit 26 °C; doneness checked with a probe
Weight-loss control weighing the loaf before and after baking is useful for comparing crust, moisture, and repeatability
Tasting flavor is the same as S1-C1 #1; the score remains 2/10
Sensory S1-C1 is a 2/10 baseline: record crust aroma, crumb aroma, salt, rubberiness, coarseness, and aftertaste separately
Mixing Kenwood KVC85.004SI: water + yeast 1 min, flour 1–2 min on Min, 15 min rest, then salt and speed 1 for 4–5 min
Dough temperature target 24–25 °C, upper limit 26 °C
Bulk fermentation no mandatory folds; end by sample jar +60–80%, dough rounded, small bubbles on the sides
Final proof linen-lined basket; 90–140 min at about 23 °C; do not use Haier 35 °C
Bake 230 °C with steam at loading and 2–3 min later, then 210 °C dry after 8 min to 96–98 °C internal

Lesson block: direct dough as a control

S1-C1 is the baseline reference point. It shows what only flour, water, salt, and yeast give, without a preferment, sourdough, sugar, butter, milk, or cold retard.

Lesson question
Can the formula 400/260/8/3 give a technologically normal bread, and where is the line between "baked" and "tasty".
Main variable
Do not complicate anything: direct mix, target dough temperature, bulk fermentation, final proof, bake, and an honest tasting.
Why this way
The modern course starts with a control: without it, it is impossible to understand what exactly poolish, cold, flour, scald, or sourdough will change in later lessons.
Expected flavor
Clean, simple, fairly neutral white bread. If flavor is weak, this is not a failure but proof that flavor must be built through fermentation and crust.
Learning format
An entry lab: baker’s percentages, workstation setup, dough temperature, control jar, final proof, bake, weight loss, and an honest sensory baseline of 2/10.

Theory

  • Baker’s percentages: flour = 100%, water = 65%, salt = 2%, yeast = 0.75%; later lessons read against this baseline.
  • Dough temperature matters more than the schedule: the same recipe runs faster or slower with different kitchen, water, and flour.
  • Bulk fermentation and the final proof separate two tasks: first build gas and structure, then prepare the shaped piece for the oven.
  • A direct dough shows the limit of the baseline formula: if the bread rose and baked through but flavor is weak, that is the signal to move to fermentation, flour, and crust.
  • Yeast solves the rise but does not make the bread expressive on its own; flavor will appear in the next lessons through fermentation, flour, and baking.
  • A professional assessment of S1-C1 looks not at result beauty but at causality: formula, temperature, rise, final proof, steam, internal temperature, and the sensory conclusion.

Checkpoints

  • Before mixing, record the lesson hypothesis: the baseline formula should bake but flavor may stay weak.
  • After mixing, record dough temperature and stop before overheating above 26 °C.
  • Run bulk by the control jar and dough state, not by the wish to reach a round number.
  • Decide on the final proof by the poke test and piece geometry.
  • Bake to 96–98 °C internal and record mass before/after to see moisture loss.

Sensory

Crust
color, thickness, crunch, score opening, bitterness, toastiness
Crumb
moisture, elasticity, gumminess, chew, pore size and distribution
Aroma
separate crust and crumb aroma: floury, yeasty, milky, rye, malty, spicy
Flavor
sweetness, salt, acidity, flouriness, depth, aftertaste
Score
0–10 plus one decision: repeat, increase fermentation, change flour, change bake, or close the lesson

What comes next

  1. If structure is normal, S1-C1 closes as a control even when flavor is weak.
  2. The next step is S1-C2 with poolish: change not the amount of yeast but the fermentation path.
  3. Shaping, scoring, and steam remain separate technical skills inside the wheat track.
Course-frame sources

S1-C1 is the entry control for the lean artisan wheat track. This page is not a final product recipe: it exists to make a baseline direct dough visible without a preferment, enrichment, sourdough, or cold retard.

What This Lesson Studies

The main learning topic is direct yeasted dough as a control point. The lesson asks: is the baseline formula 400/260/8/3 enough to give a technologically normal bread, and where is the line between “the bread baked” and “the bread became tasty”?

Theory

In a direct dough, all the flour, water, salt, and yeast meet on the same day. This is convenient for control, but flavor develops in a limited way: there is no poolish, sourdough, cold fermentation, or whole-grain portion. That is why S1-C1 checks not product expressiveness but the baseline skills: baker’s percentages, dough temperature, gluten development, bulk fermentation, final proof, steam, internal temperature, and weight loss.

What Happens in a Direct Dough

S1-C1 deliberately removes all flavor enhancers so the baseline mechanics of bread are visible.

ProcessWhat happensWhat to record
HydrationFlour absorbs water; dough goes from a coarse mass to a more cohesive oneAre there dry pockets, how does stickiness change after the rest
GlutenWheat proteins form a net that holds gasDoes the dough stretch, does it tear during folds, does it hold shape
YeastProduces CO2, alcohol, and some aromas, but in a direct dough there is little timeDough temperature, control-jar growth speed
EnzymesSlowly create sugars for the yeast and the future crustCrust color and aroma after baking
SaltStrengthens flavor, affects dough and fermentation speedDoes the salt stand alone, without a bread background
BakeGas expands, structure sets, crust darkensInternal temperature, mass before/after, score opening

The main S1-C1 conclusion: if the bread rose and baked through but flavor is weak, this is not a yeast error. It is the normal result of a direct white dough without additional flavor sources.

Bulk Fermentation and Final Proof

Bulk fermentation and the final proof cannot be reduced to a single word “risen”. They have different jobs.

StageTaskGood signError
Bulk fermentationBuild gas, develop structure, bring the dough to lifeControl jar +60–80%, dough rounded, small bubbles on the sidesDragging to +100% automatically, even if the dough is already weakening
PreshapeGather the dough without rough degassingPiece holds a short oval or ballAdding lots of flour and squeezing out all the gas
Final proofPrepare the shaped piece for the ovenPoke returns slowly, surface still holds a domeBaking a dense piece or waiting until collapse

For this formula the control jar is especially useful: it separates real dough growth from the feeling that “a lot of time has passed”.

Temperature Logic

The baseline sheet assumes a kitchen at about 23 °C and dough after mixing around 24–25 °C. If the dough is warmer, fermentation goes faster; cooler, slower. So time in the recipe is not an order, but a starting hypothesis.

Dough temperature after mixingWhat to expectWhat to do
22–23 °CBulk may run noticeably slowerDo not increase yeast immediately; watch the jar
24–25 °CTarget control regimeWork by the sheet and dough state
26 °C and aboveFermentation accelerates; dough can weaken fasterCheck earlier; do not drag bulk to a large rise

In S1-C1, the yeast has already proven it is enough. If you want more flavor, the next lever is fermentation, crust, or flour, not “more yeast”.

Diagnosing Errors

SymptomLikely causeWhat to change in the next lesson
Dense crumb and weak openingUnderproof or weak shapingCheck the poke test and piece tension
Flat piece, weak scoreOverproof or too long bulkStop bulk earlier, closer to +60–80%
Pale crustLack of heat, steam, or sugars in the doughCheck stone preheat and steam mode; develop flavor through fermentation
Flavor 2/10 with normal structureLean white dough is too neutralMove to S1-C2/S1-C3 instead of boosting yeast

How This Would Be Taught in a Strong School

In a strong bread school, S1-C1 would not be treated as a “simple recipe”. It is an entry laboratory exercise: the student proves they can read a formula, run a direct dough, record temperature, distinguish bulk fermentation from final proof, and make an honest sensory conclusion.

Class blockWhat the student doesWhat is assessed
Before the labCalculates baker’s percentages, records a hypothesis and target dough temperatureUnderstands that the change is in the process, not the ingredients
Workstation setupWeighs 400/260/8/3, prepares jar, basket, probe, stone, and steamNo chaos at the end of bulk and at loading
Mixing labMixes on Min, gives a rest, finishes on speed 1Dough hydrated, not overheated, salt evenly distributed
Fermentation labCompares clock, jar, and dough stateBulk decision made by facts, not by the habit of waiting longer
Bake analysisCompares piece, score, crust, temperature, and weight lossCan link result to process
ConclusionStates one conclusion for S1-C2Does not try to fix weak flavor with sugar, butter, or extra yeast

This kind of lesson is not for a pretty loaf but for calibrating hands and language. Without S1-C1, it is impossible to honestly understand what poolish, cold, whole-grain flour, baguette form, and high hydration give later.

S1-C1 Lab Protocol

Before starting, record the hypothesis: the baseline formula should give a technologically normal bread, but flavor may stay weak because there is no developed fermentation.

StageWhat to recordWhy
Raw materialsflour, water, salt, yeast, kitchen temperatureseparate a formula error from an environment error
Mixspeed, duration, dough temperature, stickinessunderstand whether development is sufficient without overheating
Resthow cohesion changed after restsee the role of hydration before salt
Bulk fermentationjar growth, rounding, bubbles, smelldo not drag dough to a tired +100% without reason
Preshapehow much gas was lost, whether a rest is neededlink crumb density to hand mechanics
Final proofpoke test, geometry, lightness of the pieceseparate underproof from overproof
Bakesteam, color, center temperature, mass before/aftercheck doneness and water loss
Tastingcrust, crumb, salt, flouriness, aftertastebuild a 2/10 comparison baseline for the next lessons

Advanced Technological Map

S1-C1 has four technological axes. Mixing them up makes it easy to mistake weak flavor for a yeast error.

AxisWhat controls the resultProfessional criterion
Formula control65% water, 2% salt, 0.75% fresh yeastformula is repeatable and reads in baker’s percentages
Dough developmentrest, Kenwood Min/1, dough temperaturedough cohesive, not overheated, stretches without rough tearing
Fermentationtemperature, bulk, jar, final proofgas is present, but the dough is not tired or spread
Bake and sensorysteam, internal temperature, weight loss, tastingbread baked through, weak flavor described as a learning fact

If the bread is dense, check final proof and shaping first. If the crust is weak, check preheat and steam. If flavor is weak with normal structure, this is not a reason to add yeast: it is a signal to move to the fermentation lessons.

Full course map: Bread Lab curriculum (in Russian). Detailed track map: Wheat track: lean artisan curriculum (in Russian).

Theory Sources

Home Adaptation

The professional point of S1-C1 is the same as in introductory bread schools: see the whole process in a clean form. The home translation is simple: 400 g flour, an ordinary mixer, a linen-lined basket, a control jar, a probe thermometer, a stone/sheet pan, and hand steam. There is no need for a proof box, pH meter, or a professional steam oven.

The main home constraint: do not fix weak flavor with additions. This lesson checks only the baseline technology — dough temperature, bulk fermentation, final proof, steam, doneness, and weight loss. If the bread baked through but flavor is flat, this is not a lesson failure: it is proof that S1-C2 with poolish is the next step.

Grading Rubric

Competency0 points1 point2 points
Formulagram errorformula correct, percentages not understood400/260/8/3 explained through baker’s percentages
Mixdough dry, overheated, or torndough working but state weakly describeddough hydrated, temperature and development recorded
Bulk fermentationended by clock onlyjar or description present but conclusion uncleardecision made by +60–80%, bubbles, and shape
Shape and proofpiece crushed or underproofedbread holds shape but cause of result unclearpreshape, rest, poke test, and geometry recorded
Bakeno center or mass controlbread baked but steam/loss not recordedtemperature, mass, crust, and moisture loss recorded
Sensoryonly an overall scoreflavor noted but not linked to the process2/10 flavor explained as the limit of direct dough

Interpretation: 0–5 points — repeat S1-C1 without moving on; 6–9 — technique works, one clarifying repeat is needed; 10–12 — control closed, move to S1-C2.

Control Questions

  1. Did dough temperature after mixing stay in 24–26 °C?
  2. Was bulk ended by jar and dough state, not by the clock alone?
  3. Was the piece weighed before the oven, and does the finished loaf give a clear weight loss?
  4. Did internal temperature reach 96–98 °C without overdrying?
  5. Is flavor described with words, not only the number 2/10?
  6. Is the next step still S1-C2 with poolish, not more yeast?

Sensory Card

S1-C1 remains a 2/10 comparison point. After each control bake, record not only the score but the language of flavor: crust aroma, crumb aroma, salt, flouriness, rubberiness, coarseness, moisture, chew, and aftertaste.

Lesson Conclusion

The control bake on 29 Apr 2026 has been added to the analysis along with the numeric journal and tasting. Technologically the formula works: the dough rose, the bread baked through, mass and temperature are recorded. Flavor did not improve and stayed at 2/10, so S1-C1 closes only the baseline technology. The next product step is S1-C2 with poolish, while softness and tangzhong are studied separately in S2.

Ingredients

Component Grams Baker's %
Strong white bread flour 400 g 100%
Water 260 g 65%
Salt 8 g 2%
Fresh yeast 3 g 0.75%

Ingredient details

Strong white bread flour

Author's brand
MukaMuka 13.5% protein
Role
base of the gluten matrix
Important
do not change the flour for S1-C1 #2; the goal is to verify repeatability

Water

Temperature
18–21 °C with a kitchen at 22–24 °C
Role
tests water uptake of the current flour at 65% hydration
Author's brand
Tap water through Barrier Iron x2 filter
Alternatives
any filtered or bottled drinking water

Salt

Author's brand
Pink Himalayan salt
Alternatives
sea or table salt (avoid iodized)

Fresh yeast

Range
3 g with a kitchen around 23 °C; 4 g only at 20–21 °C
Author's brand
Lux (Voronezh) fresh or Ayrek (homemade)
Alternatives
any fresh yeast in 100 g pack

Conditions and equipment

Conditions

Status
learning control bake, not a product version of white bread
Course position
first S1 lesson; the next product step is S1-C2 with poolish
Previous point
S1-C1 #1 on 27 Apr 2026: baked through but flavor 2/10; mass before/after was not weighed
Main constraint
do not add tangzhong, milk, butter, sugar, a preferment, or cold retard to this repeat
Doneness criterion
96–98 °C internal, crumb with no sticky underbake

Equipment

Mixer
Kenwood KVC85.004SI; the historical 29 Apr bake was recorded on Vitek, but future repeats run on Kenwood
Oven
Haier HOQ-F6QS, top-bottom heat, hand steam
Proofing
linen-lined basket
Control
narrow jar with a mark, probe thermometer, scale

Nutrition: how to eat this bread

Bread nutrition facts

Per 100 g of bread

242 kcal

protein 8.2 g · fat 1.1 g · carbs 48.7 g

Per slice (50 g)

121 kcal

protein 4.1 g · fat 0.6 g · carbs 24.4 g

Automatic calculation from USDA + Skurikhin database for the baked loaf after evaporation. Numbers are approximate: 1) the database covers ingredients, not finished dough; 2) bake water loss is assumed at 10% — actual loss depends on crust, time, and pan. Add 5–10% in calorie trackers if needed.

Bread is a source of starch and energy. Its nutrition depends on flour, fermentation, salt, enrichment, serving size, and the rest of the plate.

Digestion
More whole grain, fibre, and fermentation usually mean longer satiety. White flour eaten alone is generally digested faster.
Helpful or harmful
Bread is not poison or medicine by itself. Overall diet matters; current guidance prioritizes whole grains, vegetables, fruits, and pulses.
Amount
For most learning tastings, 1–2 slices, about 30–80 g, is enough depending on loaf density.
Best pairings
Pair with protein, vegetables, and moderate fat; avoid making it a large standalone portion with sweet drinks or sweet spreads.

How to eat

  • Taste the bread plain for learning, then eat it as part of a balanced plate.
  • Slice dense rye thinner; with soft white bread, make sure softness does not automatically increase the serving.

Limits

  • Wheat and rye breads contain gluten.
  • For medical conditions, adjust bread type and serving size with a clinician or dietitian.
Sources

Instructions

  1. Combine water and yeast

    Stir 260 g water and 3 g fresh yeast for 1 minute.

  2. Hydrate the flour

    Add 400 g flour and mix 1–2 minutes on Min.

  3. Rest

    Cover the bowl and leave the dough for 15 minutes.

  4. Add salt and finish mixing

    Add 8 g salt and mix on speed 1 for about 4–5 minutes, stopping before the temperature goes above 26 °C.

  5. Bulk ferment

    Separate 20–25 g into a narrow jar, cover the dough, and do not develop with folds; end bulk by sample growth of +60–80% and dough state.

  6. Shape

    Preshape, rest the piece 10–15 minutes, shape into a batard, and place in a linen-lined basket seam up.

  7. Proof and bake

    Proof until the poke test returns slowly, weigh the piece, score, and bake at 230 °C with steam, then 210 °C dry, to 96–98 °C internal.

A compact step map; notes and comments live in the worksheet.

S1-C1: working sheet for the next control repeat

The sheet is built on facts from S1-C1 #2 on 29 Apr, but now corrects the target bulk endpoint: stop closer to +60–80% rather than dragging to +100%, and record the dough state. Historical times are kept in the research block below, while the working steps read as windows by dough state.

Schedule mode

Pick a starting style.

  1. Day 1, 07:51–08:06

    Setup

    Prepare scale, probe thermometer, linen-lined basket, narrow jar with mark, and water at 18–21 °C.

    Step ingredients

    • New ingredients none added; only prepare and weigh ingredients
    Target
    All ingredients weighed separately; kitchen, flour, and water temperatures recorded.
    Check
    Do not change the formula when the kitchen is around 23 °C.
    Evidence
    Kitchen, flour, and water temperatures.
  2. Day 1, 08:06–08:10

    Mix start

    Combine all water and yeast, stir 1 minute. Add all flour and mix 1–2 minutes on Min until hydrated.

    Step ingredients

    • Water 260 g
    • Fresh yeast 3 g
    • Strong white bread flour 400 g
    Target
    Flour fully hydrated; do not expect smoothness yet.
    Check
    Do not add salt yet.
    Evidence
    Start time, mix duration, dough state.
  3. Day 1, 08:10–08:25

    Rest

    Cover the bowl and leave the dough for 15 minutes. Add nothing.

    Step ingredients

    • Dough without salt all of it
    Target
    Flour absorbs water; the next mixing step should go smoother.
    Check
    Do not shorten the rest without a reason.
    Evidence
    Actual rest duration.
  4. Day 1, 08:25–08:31

    Salt and final mix

    Add all salt and mix on speed 1 for about 4–5 minutes. Check every minute.

    Step ingredients

    • Salt 8 g
    • Dough after rest all of it
    Target
    Smooth extensible dough; temperature not above 26 °C.
    Check
    If the dough spreads, do not add flour; record the fact.
    Evidence
    Dough temperature, dough state.
  5. Day 1, 08:32–08:36

    Bulk fermentation start

    Take a dough photo, separate 20–25 g into a narrow jar, and mark the starting level.

    Step ingredients

    • Dough about 671 g total; after the sample the main batch is around 646–651 g
    Target
    Control sample pressed to the bottom of the jar; main dough covered.
    Check
    Record sample mass if separated.
  6. Day 1, 09:01–10:31

    Bulk fermentation observation

    Do not develop the dough with folds: Kenwood already did the main mixing. Keep covered and watch rise, rounding, and bubbles.

    Step ingredients

    • Main dough all of it after the sample was separated
    Target
    Dough holds gas, gradually rounds, and does not spread into a flowing mass.
    Check
    If the dough is weak, record it as a signal to adjust Kenwood mix duration on the next repeat.
    Evidence
    Surface state, sample-jar growth.

    1 h 30 min timer for this step

  7. Day 1, 10:31–10:41

    First bulk-fermentation check

    Check the control sample and the main dough. This is not a required doneness point.

    Step ingredients

    • Main dough all of it
    • Control sample 20–25 g in the jar
    Target
    Assess dynamics, but do not end bulk fermentation by time alone.
    Check
    Real doneness comes later: jar +60–80%, dough rounded, holds gas, small bubbles on the sides.
    Evidence
    Growth in percent.
  8. Day 1, 10:50–11:20

    Bulk-fermentation end window

    End bulk when the control sample has risen 60–80% and the main dough is rounded and holds gas. The historical 11:34 endpoint was an upper bound near +100%, not a new target.

    Step ingredients

    • Main dough all of it
    • Control sample used only to assess growth
    Target
    Doneness by state, not by schedule.
    Check
    If signs are absent, check every 15–20 minutes.
    Evidence
    Bulk-end time, sample growth.

    30 min timer for this step

  9. Day 1, 11:25–11:35

    Preshape

    Gently gather the dough into a short oval or ball, seam down. Cover and rest 10–15 minutes.

    Step ingredients

    • Dough after bulk fermentation all of the main batch
    • Bench flour minimal, only to prevent sticking
    Target
    Dough gathered without squeezing out all the gas.
    Check
    Use minimal flour, only if the dough really sticks to the bench.
    Evidence
    Time and state after rest.
  10. Day 1, 11:38–11:48

    Shape

    Shape a batard: rectangle, top third to center, side edges in, tight roll, pinch the seam closed. Place in the basket seam up.

    Step ingredients

    • Rested piece 1 piece
    • Linen-lined basket 1 piece
    Target
    Smooth taut surface, no rough degassing.
    Check
    Linen-lined basket; smooth side to the cloth.
  11. Day 1, 14:16–15:16

    Oven preheat

    Set 230 °C, top-bottom heat, no fan. Heat stones 45–60 min after temperature is reached.

    Step ingredients

    • New ingredients none added
    • Stones heated in the oven
    Target
    Stones heated through to the loading window.
    Check
    Do not wait until the end of proofing to start preheat.
    Evidence
    Oven-on time.

    1 h timer for this step

  12. Day 1, 15:06–15:16

    Loading window

    Check the proof: the piece feels lighter, the poke test returns slowly and does not collapse. Weigh the piece before the oven.

    Step ingredients

    • Piece in the basket 1 piece
    • New ingredients none added
    Target
    Loadable piece that is still convex after turning out.
    Check
    After turning out, do not wait on the bench: score and load immediately.
    Evidence
    Piece mass, description of the poke test.
  13. Day 1, 15:16–15:41

    Bake

    Turn out of the basket, score 5–8 mm at 30–45°, and load. 230 °C with steam at loading and again 2–3 minutes later; after 8 minutes drop to 210 °C and bake dry.

    Step ingredients

    • Proofed piece 1 piece
    • Water for steam for steam, not part of the formula
    Target
    96–98 °C internal.
    Check
    Check with the probe from minute 25.
    Evidence
    Loading time, internal temperature, crust photo.

    25 min timer for this step

  14. Day 1, 16:41–17:41

    Cool and slice

    Cool on a rack at least 1 hour, then slice.

    Step ingredients

    • Finished loaf 1 loaf after baking
    • New ingredients none added
    Target
    Tasting after cooling.
    Check
    Record weight loss: piece mass minus finished loaf mass.
    Evidence
    Mass, tasting note.

    1 h timer for this step

For readers who want to understand why the formula changed.

What the S1-C1 control showed

S1-C1 #1 was technologically baked through but weak in flavor. S1-C1 #2 kept the same formula, gave a detailed process analysis with photos of the finished batard and crumb; even so, flavor did not improve and remained 2/10. Now the baseline technology can be separated from future product work.

Base version

S1-C1 fixes a baseline wheat dough: flour, water, salt, and fresh yeast. All masking factors are removed so that mixing, fermentation, final proof, shaping, and baking are visible.

Confirmed hypotheses

Only conclusions backed by a bake record: time, temperature, steam, weight, proportions, or tasting notes.

01

3 g of fresh yeast is enough for baseline fermentation

Hypothesis
If the formula 400 g flour, 260 g water, 8 g salt, and 3 g fresh yeast is kept without boosting yeast, the dough will still give a workable rise and hold gas.
How it was confirmed
Repeat S1-C1 #2 on 29 Apr 2026 showed active growth of the control sample and main dough: the sample rose about 50% at the first check and reached 100% by the end of bulk fermentation.
Conclusion
No need to increase yeast; for the next control it is more reasonable to stop bulk earlier, closer to +60–80% growth.
Verification facts
Formula
400 g flour, 260 g water, 8 g salt, 3 g fresh yeast; hydration 65%
Conditions
kitchen 23 °C; flour 23.1 °C; water 22.5 °C; dough after mixing 25.3 °C
Bulk fermentation
08:32–11:34; control sample: +50% at 10:31 and +100% at 11:34
Bake
loading 14:59; 25 minutes; internal temperature 98.5 °C

02

Technological structure is not equal to good flavor

Hypothesis
Repeating the baseline direct loaf with accurate records makes it possible to separate the technological viability of the formula from the product flavor.
How it was confirmed
S1-C1 #2 produced a baked-through batard with a working crumb and clear weight loss, but the tasting score remained 2/10, like the first bake.
Conclusion
S1-C1 closes as a learning control; product flavor must be developed through preferment, flour, salt, crust, or cold, not by adding more yeast.
Verification facts
Mass
piece 639 g; finished loaf 579 g; loss 60 g / 9.4%
Temperature
98.5 °C internal at removal
Crumb
moderately open, no visible sticky underbake
Tasting
flavor unchanged vs. S1-C1 #1; score 2/10

Iteration analysis

01 S1-C1 #1 gave a usable learning point
Observation
The bread from 27 Apr 2026 was baked through, crumb without obvious stickiness, but flavor was rated 2/10: weak aroma, grayish color, thin crust, slightly rubbery and coarse crumb.
Decision and why
Do not change the formula in the S1-C1 #2 repeat, but separately record piece mass, finished-loaf mass, weight loss, shaping, scoring, and the slice.
Conclusion
After S1-C1 #2, a separate technical block inside S1 on shaping, scoring, and steam can be considered.
02 S1-C1 #2 confirmed working fermentation
S1-C1 #2 control dough sample in a narrow jar
Control sample with visible pores.
S1-C1 #2 dough at the end of bulk fermentation
Main dough at the end of bulk: surface rounded and holds gas.
Observation
The control sample reached about 50% at the first check and 100% by 11:34. The main dough became smooth and held gas, but spread noticeably by the end of bulk, and the poke test returned less.
Decision and why
Keep the formula 400 g flour, 260 g water, 8 g salt, and 3 g fresh yeast as the baseline learning control.
Conclusion
Do not increase yeast. The opposite: for the next control, stop bulk earlier when the sample is closer to +60–80%, without waiting for +100%.
Evidence
Source
photos of S1-C1 #2 on 29 Apr 2026: control jar and dough at the end of bulk fermentation
Conditions
kitchen 23 °C; flour 23.1 °C; water 22.5 °C; dough after mixing 25.3 °C
Bulk fermentation
start 08:32; first check 10:31, +50%; end 11:34, +100%
03 Shaping produced a batard, but scoring and opening still need separate work
S1-C1 #2 piece in the basket before baking
Piece before the oven: shape holds; the proof looks sufficient by volume.
Finished S1-C1 #2 batard after baking
Finished batard: golden crust, uneven score opening.
Observation
The piece in the basket held its shape, and the finished batard was convex and baked through. Shaping was recorded around 11:52, loading at 14:59, piece mass before the oven 639 g. Score opening was fragmentary: the crust opened in patches, without a clean long ear.
Hypothesis
Main candidates for improvement are shaping tension, score angle and depth, and the steam regime in the first minutes.
Decision and why
Do not change the baseline formula for cosmetics; move shaping and scoring purity into a separate S1 technical block.
Conclusion
The shape is already usable as a control; improve appearance through technique, not additions. Separately verify the pause between preshape and shaping.
Evidence
Source
proof photo before the oven and finished batard on 29 Apr 2026
Final proof
end of proof 14:58; piece mass 639 g
Bake
loading 14:59; 25 minutes; internal temperature 98.5 °C
Missing
text description of the poke test before loading
04 Crumb improved as a learning indicator, but flavor did not change
S1-C1 #2 crumb after slicing
Crumb moderately open with no visible sticky underbake, but flavor stayed weak.
Observation
The slice shows a moderately open, non-dense structure: pores of varying size are spread across the cut, no dense raw center is visible in the photo. For lean dough at 65% hydration this is already a working learning crumb, but the tasting score stayed the same.
Result
By photo, S1-C1 #2 looks more convincing as a control baseline than the original description of S1-C1 #1 with rubberiness and coarseness. Piece mass was 639 g, finished loaf 579 g, weight loss during baking 60 g / 9.4%. By flavor the bread is the same; the score remains 2/10.
Conclusion
S1-C1 can be kept as a clean baseline formula only for learning. The product white bread must be developed on a separate branch, not mixed with the learning control.
Evidence
Source
slice photo from 29 Apr 2026
Bake
25 minutes to 98.5 °C internal
Mass
piece 639 g; finished loaf 579 g; loss 60 g / 9.4%
Tasting
flavor unchanged vs. S1-C1 #1; score 2/10

Version history

  • v1.16May 25, 2026
    Problem
    Template labels like 'Actual timing', 'Actual temperatures', and 'Actual mass' in kitchenCheatsheet mixed the facts of one repeat with general instructions: on the public card they looked like requirements for every bake rather than observation notes.
    Change
    Labels replaced with neutral 'Control schedule', 'Temperature control', and 'Weight-loss control'. Specific numbers from the 29 Apr repeat (start 08:06, kitchen 23 °C, internal 98.5 °C, piece 639 g) are kept in the research block; the working sheet is still available on /kitchen/.
    Result
    The public card now reads as instructions, while the research block remains an honest journal of a specific repeat.
    Conclusion
    Separating 'instructions to repeat' (kitchenCheatsheet) from 'facts of the past repeat' (research) is a general pattern for all lessons.
  • v1.15May 20, 2026
    Problem
    Recipe time metadata was shorter than the actual working sheet: the sheet runs from mixing through baking and includes at least 1 hour of cooling before slicing.
    Change
    prepTime, cookTime, and totalTime are aligned with the current working sheet of the next control repeat.
    Result
    The recipe card no longer promises too short a total time for S1-C1.
    Conclusion
    Working decisions on bulk and proof are still made by dough state, not by time metadata.
  • v1.14May 20, 2026
    Problem
    The recipe mixed the actual 29 Apr protocol with the target sheet for the next repeat: the Kenwood mode disagreed between blocks, shaping happened right after preshape, and bulk fermentation was described at once as fact +100% and target +60–80%.
    Change
    The sheet is now called the next control repeat sheet, the Kenwood mode is set to Min/1, shaping is moved after a 15-minute rest, and the bulk target stays as the corrected working bound +60–80%.
    Result
    Historical S1-C1 #2 facts are preserved in the research analysis, but the working sheet no longer locks in the old overshoot of bulk or contradictory mixer speeds.
    Conclusion
    S1-C1 remains a control lesson: structure works, flavor is 2/10, the next product lever is S1-C2.
  • v1.13May 8, 2026
    Problem
    S1-C1 theory was too short compared to the new lesson standard.
    Change
    Added blocks about direct dough as a system, the difference between bulk fermentation and final proof, temperature logic, diagnostic errors, and sources.
    Result
    S1-C1 now explains what exactly the baseline formula controls and why weak flavor is not fixed by simply adding more yeast.
    Conclusion
    The lesson stays a control: its job is to give a clean baseline for comparison with poolish, cold, flour, crust, and the soft track.
  • v1.12April 30, 2026
    Problem
    Repeated review against modern curricula showed the lesson lacked an explicit home adaptation and control questions.
    Change
    Added the home S1-C1 standard, control questions, and criteria that translate the professional systematic approach into a normal kitchen.
    Result
    S1-C1 is now not only a control-bake journal but also an entry learning exercise in direct dough.
    Conclusion
    The formula stays a control; product flavor develops not through yeast but through the next fermentation lessons.
  • v1.11April 30, 2026
    Problem
    After the general course revision, S1-C1 lacked explicit lesson theory and a link to the new S1/S2 map.
    Change
    Added the course code, direct-dough theory, sensory card, and a link to the new course program; the old branch chart was replaced with S1-C2 and S2.
    Result
    S1-C1 now reads as an entry control for the lean artisan track, not as a failed product attempt.
    Conclusion
    Lesson closed: do not increase yeast; develop flavor through S1-C2 and study softness in S2.
  • v1.10April 29, 2026
    Problem
    After tasting, it turned out the flavor of S1-C1 #2 did not improve compared to S1-C1 #1.
    Change
    Tasting score recorded in the journal: same flavor, score remains 2/10.
    Result
    Photos and the numeric protocol confirm a technologically working bake, but the product score did not change.
    Conclusion
    S1-C1 closes the learning control of the baseline technology but does not solve the problem of tasty white bread; the product version must develop on a separate branch.
  • v1.9April 29, 2026
    Problem
    The process journal was kept on an iPad in the working sheet and did not make it into the previous publication.
    Change
    Added real times, temperatures, control-sample growth, piece mass, finished-loaf mass, internal temperature, and weight loss.
    Result
    Mix start 08:06; bulk 08:32–11:34 with sample growth up to 100%; loading 14:59; bake 25 min to 98.5 °C; piece 639 g, finished loaf 579 g, loss 60 g / 9.4%.
    Conclusion
    3 g of yeast in the formula is sufficient; bulk can probably be stopped earlier, closer to 60–80% growth, and the next technical focus is shaping, scoring, and steam.
  • v1.8April 29, 2026
    Problem
    S1-C1 #2 was baked, process and slice photos appeared, but some of the numeric data was not yet added.
    Change
    Added photos of the control sample, end of bulk fermentation, final proof, finished batard, and crumb; the analysis was updated from facts visible in the photos.
    Result
    Fermentation worked, the loaf baked through, the crumb became more open and even than expected from a first weak repeat.
    Conclusion
    S1-C1 can be considered a usable learning control by structure; the next node to improve is shaping, scoring, steam, and precise numeric records.
  • v1.7April 28, 2026
    Problem
    A fixed 07:30 start was inconvenient when the actual start shifts in the morning.
    Change
    The working sheet received an input for mix start time and automatic recalculation of the other steps.
    Conclusion
    Scheduling became relative, while criteria for bulk and proof doneness remain sensory.
  • v1.6April 28, 2026
    Problem
    The rye R1 section was temporarily delayed while restoring the starter, so the next active bake shifted to wheat S1-C1 #2.
    Change
    Added a schedule for 29 Apr 2026 starting at 07:30 and expanded kitchen-cheatsheet fields for mass, temperature, final proof, scoring, and weight loss.
    Conclusion
    The formula stays the same; the main task is repeatability and a complete record of facts.

Questions

Why is the recipe not improved with additions after the 2/10 score?

S1-C1 is required as a clean learning formula. Flavor through fermentation is studied in S1-C2, while softness, milk, sugar, butter, and tangzhong are moved into a separate soft wheat track S2.

Why not just wait exactly until the scheduled time?

Dough and kitchen temperature change fermentation speed. Time is a frame, but the decision is made by the jar, dough shape, bubbles, and the poke test.